Wild animals are professional food finders. They know what they’re looking for, and they know where to find it. But we often change things up so much when doing what we want with the land that the food supply for wildlife can get pretty sparse. That’s probably why you’re thinking of helping them out a bit, if you have the space to do it, by planting some wildlife food plots. There are lots of sources of information on the topic, especially for deer food plots, but this is a good place to get started if you’re looking for a quick overview of things to consider.
Big bluestem is a warm season grass that attracts rabbits and a number of birds including wild turkeys.
Some of the benefits of wildlife food plots…
One of the most rewarding aspects of planting food plots for deer and other wildlife is the opportunity to see more wildlife. You’ll see more species, more often, and for longer viewing moments. Wildlife will benefit from access to more plentiful, nutritious food, and many wildlife food plots also provide good cover for rabbits and ground-nesting birds.
What to plant…
Before you purchase food plot seed, make a list of the animals you hope to attract, and then learn what you can about what plants they are most likely to eat. In fact, depending upon how the land you plan to plant on has been used, you may be able to mow or disk the area, add some lime and fertilizer, and let the native seed bank in the soil bring back a wildlife-friendly banquet. If that’s unlikely to happen in your particular circumstances, though, not to worry, as there are lots of good options for cultivated food plots. Legumes are high in protein and will attract deer, rabbits, songbirds, quail, and other wildlife. Warm season grasses like big bluestem and little bluestem support rabbits, bobwhites, wild turkeys, and songbirds, while also creating cover for ground nesting and passageways. Cool season grasses like oats, wheat, and rye will help deer through the fall and winter. Be sure to choose seed based on your climate, soil, and light conditions for the best chance of success.
Oats are among the cool season grasses that will help deer through the fall and winter.
Basic planning steps…
- The site you select for the food plot should be near winter cover for wildlife, so consider an area near a brushy fencerow, woodland edge, or ditch bank.
- Talk with your local Cooperative Extension Service about what you want to plant. They can provide a soil sample kit and give you guidance on taking the sample and selecting the right soil amendments for whatever you’ve chosen. It’s well worth your time and effort to follow their advice.
- An irregular-shaped plot will serve wildlife better than a straight-edged plot, as its curves blend with the edge habitat and provide better cover.
- The best size for your food plot will vary with what you’re planting. For grain food plots, ¼ acre works well. Other plantings do better at 1-3 acres.
- Do not waste time planting old seed. Use new, high-quality seed, and follow the recommended guidelines for timing your planting.
Consult local sources…
Your local Cooperative Extension Service is your go-to source for specific advice on soil amendments, appropriate seed to plant for your area and the wildlife you want to attract, and when and how to plant it. Look to your local native plant society and nature centers, as well, as they’ll also have advice and experience to offer. And, don’t forget your neighbors. When it comes to growing things, the more local the advice, the more likely it is to match what you’ll experience when you attempt similar plantings. Good luck! And, good wildlife watching when your wildlife food plot begins to flourish!